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Turbulence is categorized by both intensity and duration, which provides a comprehensive understanding of its characteristics and potential impact on flight. Intensity refers to the strength of the turbulence, typically categorized as light, moderate, or severe. This classification helps pilots and crew anticipate the extent of turbulence and prepare accordingly.

Duration pertains to how long the turbulence lasts, which can vary from a brief episode to a sustained period. Understanding both aspects is crucial for flight planning, as it allows aviation professionals to assess the level of risk and manage passenger comfort and safety more effectively.

While intensity is an important factor, considering duration alongside it provides a fuller picture, which is vital for ensuring safe and efficient flight operations. The other options do not encompass the dual nature of turbulence categorization, leaving out critical elements that are essential for accurate assessment and response in aviation contexts.